This chapter advances the UN SDG goals 7, 11, and 12 by discussing the challenges and prospects of adopting renewable energy technologies, and making recommendations on the incentives and investment in research and development, market expansion, and the government's pro-active fiscal and monetary policy support to facilitate the rapid expansion of renewable energy in developing economies.

This chapter advances the UN SDG goals 11 and 12 by defining what is meant by a 'sustainable development' and describing the challenges inherent in planning one.

This chapter advances the UN SDG goals 7 and 11 by explores a possible sustainable development: building wave-energy capture systems that can make a significant contribution, meaning at least 10% of a nation’s energy needs.

This chapter contributes to SDG goals 7 and 11 by exploring optimization of photovoltaic systems using artificial intelligence techniques, meaning improved production and use of this essential renewable energy source.

This chapter advances the UN SDG goals 11, 12, and 3 by highlighting the role of indigenous peoples and local communities’ cultural customs, lores, and practices in relation to managing their land and other natural resources; they need to be appropriately understood and acknowledged for public and environmental policy decision making.

This chapter advances SDG goals 7, 11, and 13, by presenting the direct integration of solar photovoltaic energy with food production, supporting cleaner, more sustainable agriculture, with decreased impact on climate change.

This chapter advances UN SDG goal 12 by ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns

This chapter advances UN SDG goals 11, 13, and 3 by discussing Remote Sensing-based strategies for managing land cover and ultimately mitigating anthropogenic heating and excess emission of GHG and pollutants by promoting green belts, vast plantation programs, and utilizing carbon-credit projects.

This chapter advances UN SDG goals 11, 13, and 3 by developing an integrated approach, including statistical data elaborations and microclimate simulations, to look at the impact of increasing the urban green infrastructure on the urban environment, air quality levels, and heat-related health responses.

This chapter advances the UN SDG goals 11 and 15 by discussing air pollution, ecosystem services, and the importance of vegetation as it assures pollution reduction services. Considering the essential role of cities in human life, it focuses on the benefits of urban vegetation as a leading ecosystem service provider, promoting awareness of the importance of natural elements for the urban environment.