The combination of climate change, growing population, and development of urbanization has exacerbated the existing water resources crisis.

The chemical industry must undergo a dual transformation: electrifying energy use and defossilizing carbon feedstocks. This paper, developed by ENGIEs Scientific Council, examines how energy and chemistry can converge to enable this shift.

This perspective explores the idea of the “Earth Grid,” which proposes an intercontinental electric grid facilitated by three technological advancements: enhanced information and communication technology (ICT) applications in the electric grid, development of inter-country grids for power-sharing, and the application of artificial intelligence (AI) for efficient operation and maintenance.

This study analyzes decarbonization efforts of 1,095 European firms, identifying six key strategic pathways—ranging from risk diagnosis to supply chain redesign—and uses a systems dynamics approach to reveal how these interconnected strategies influence climate risk performance. The findings offer valuable tools for managers and policymakers to coordinate supply chain actions more effectively, fostering continuous innovation and improved sustainability outcomes.

This review highlights how the nature crisis, particularly climate change, is reshaping the distribution and intensity of diseases, posing significant challenges for global and local health policies. It underscores the urgent need for adaptive, multidisciplinary health strategies that address vulnerable populations and prioritize mitigation efforts to build a sustainable relationship between humans and nature.

Background: Climate change is a growing threat to maternal and newborn health (MNH).

As the latest annual flagship report in the series, it details synergistic pathways for simultaneous pollution control and carbon reduction to drive green economic growth in China, offering highly actionable policy insights and real-world experience for advancing national climate goals.