China's government has launched a series of frestation initiatives to increase forest coverage for both carbon neutrality and ecological resilience goals. This study explores whether China's forestation intiatives play a positive role overall, analyzing its implications on the land-energy-water-emission-biodiversity nexus.

Energy?efficient building materials that dynamically manage heat from the sun and outer space are opening new pathways to cut energy use and lower emissions. Recent advances in photothermal?modulating windows, roofs, and walls show how smart materials can help create cooler, greener, and more sustainable buildings.

This study develops a capacity expansion model with grid operational detail and high spatial resolution to examine decadal pathways to carbon neutrality by 2060 considering localized and temporal impacts.

This paper reviews existing analyses on AI infrastructure’s energy and climate implications and proposes quantitative scenario-based frameworks, highlighting key research challenges at the intersection of AI-driven energy demand, region-specific clean energy strategies and their economic competitiveness, strategic levers in energy sourcing decisions, and policy dynamics.

Many countries, subnational jurisdictions, and companies are setting net-zero emissions goals; however, questions remain about strategies to reach these targets, policy measures, technology gaps, a

The combination of climate change, growing population, and development of urbanization has exacerbated the existing water resources crisis.

The growing global demand for freshwater has intensified research into energy-efficient desalination technologies.

The chemical industry must undergo a dual transformation: electrifying energy use and defossilizing carbon feedstocks. This paper, developed by ENGIEs Scientific Council, examines how energy and chemistry can converge to enable this shift.

This perspective explores the idea of the “Earth Grid,” which proposes an intercontinental electric grid facilitated by three technological advancements: enhanced information and communication technology (ICT) applications in the electric grid, development of inter-country grids for power-sharing, and the application of artificial intelligence (AI) for efficient operation and maintenance.