Addressing SDG 7, this chapter discusses the need to integrate the various renewable energy technologies to meet the ever-increasing demand for energy in West Africa. At the same time it makes connections with SDG 9.

This book chapter advances SDG 11, 15 and 9 presenting the role of adaptation of buildings in the context of climate change, the consequent implications on buildings in various climatic zones, and the possible strategies that need to be evaluated.

Green innovations will be significant in reducing climate change impacts and contributing to goals 9 (industry, innovation and infrastructure), 11 (sustainable cities and communities) and 13 (climate action). This chapter considers a number of sustainable and innovative transport and infrastructure options to support these goals.

This chapter advances both goals 7 (affordable and clean energy) and 9 (industry, innovation and infrastructure) through its discussion of incentives and tariffs that encourage sustainable infrastructure, including renewable energy.

Research, development and commercialisation are three important stages in pharmaceuticals and to advancing goal 3. This chapter explores the role of biophysical characterisation in this process.