A review of 648 studies shows that conservation efforts yield significantly better ecological outcomes when Indigenous Peoples and local communities (IPs and LCs) have equitable governance roles, including equal partnerships or primary control. These findings highlight the importance of recognizing IP and LC rights and leadership in achieving global biodiversity targets.

In rural Malawi, the use of on-farm trees for food�rather than just for fuel or income�is strongly associated with improved micronutrient adequacy (vitamin A, zinc, iron, and folate) in women�s diets across seasons. This suggests that food-producing trees play a key role in supporting nutrition in low- and middle-income countries.

To move beyond simplistic views of rural and Indigenous producers, a more inclusive approach is needed�one that recognizes the complexity of plural sociobioeconomies and values local producers as equal partners and knowledge holders. This shift is essential for building a fair and sustainable regional sociobioeconomy in the Amazon.

The expansion of bioeconomy strategies focused on growth and technology in the Brazilian Amazon risks reinforcing colonial and exploitative patterns. To ensure environmental justice, development must shift toward community-centered, post-growth forest futures.

The commentary highlights challenges in sustainably scaling the Amazonian sociobioeconomy using a�ai and cacao as examples, warning against conventional growth approaches. It advocates for innovative scaling strategies focused on diversification, local empowerment, territorial management, and bottom-up governance.

This perspective highlights the challenges and opportunities of implementing people-centered multi-hazard early warning systems in the Global South, emphasizing the need for localized, inclusive approaches that address vulnerability and the complex interrelationships of hazards, to bridge the gap between global ambitions and operational realities.

The article notes that almost two-thirds of Nepal's total population are involved in agriculture, and around 28 million people live in areas with environmental suitability for B. pseudomallei. This suggests that the indigenous rural farming populations in Nepal are at a particularly high risk of contracting melioidosis, especially during the rainy season. The implementation of simple, low-cost measures outlined in the paper can help address the underdiagnosis of melioidosis in Nepal's indigenous, rural farming populations.

The article discusses India's National Tuberculosis Elimination Program and its efforts to combat TB, which disproportionately affects vulnerable populations, including tribal communities and people living in poverty and remote rural areas.

The article discusses the impact of malaria on tribal and indigenous populations in India. The article emphasizes the need to prioritize tribal-dominated, high-endemic regions with concerted efforts and holistic socio-economic development to achieve malaria elimination in India.

With limited data available from Central Africa, the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-SARS-CoV-2 Ab prevalence in indigenous residents of Bomassa, a village located in the Sangha region in the Republic of Congo. The findings suggest SARS-CoV-2 has spread widely in this rural community, highlighting the need for strengthened COVID-19 prevention measures.