Employing Fenton technology for efficiently removing pollutants in water stands as a significant method. Within the domain of traditional Fenton techniques, there exist both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. Homogeneous systems tackle iron sludge concerns through the incorporation of co-catalysts, whereas heterogeneous systems adeptly manipulate surface microenvironments and adjust active sites, enabling pollutant degradation across a wide range of pH. Each system boasts distinct advantages and limitations. This perspective critically examines the existing challenges and associated solutions in homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions through a comprehensive analysis of typical case studies. The focus is on evaluating the industrial potential of these systems, forecasting future developmental trends, and fostering a more robust and sustainable advancement of Fenton technology within the context of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.