Ozone is a strong oxidant gas that irritates human mucous and skin, inducing oxidative damage to cells and the lining fluids of the airways. Ground-level ozone, a major contributor to these health effects, is produced through photochemical reactions and stratospheric-to-troposphere transport, exhibiting distinct diurnal and seasonal variations. Ground-level ozone has been becoming a major challenge in the control of air quality worldwide. In 2019, the global population-weighted average seasonal 8-hour maximum ozone concentration was approximately 100 μg/m3, far exceeding the WHO guideline level of 60 μg/m3 (HEI, 2020). This global trend is also evident in China. Although substantial regulations have been implemented to control particulate pollution in recent years, ozone is becoming the primary pollutant with population-weighted ozone increasing by 9 μg/m3 from 2013 to 2017 (Y. H. Wang et al., 2020; Xue et al., 2020). Climate change providing favorable meteorological conditions for ozone formation has been and will continue to aggravate ozone pollution for a long time to come (Hegglin and Shepherd, 2009). It is crucial to turn attention to the health threats that are increasingly being provoked by ozone pollution.