Handbook on New Paradigms in Smart Charging for E-Mobility - Chapter 1: Integration of PV to EV charging systems—State of the art

The integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems and electric vehicle (EV) charging technologies has emerged as an important topic in sustainable transportation. The world faces climate change and environmental degradation challenges, increasing the need for cleaner, sustainable transportation. EVs and renewable energy sources are essential for a greener future. Integrating PV systems with EV charging technologies reduces dependence on the grid and lowers carbon footprint. This combination also offers significant cost savings. By harnessing solar power through PV systems, EVs can be charged with renewable energy. This reduces reliance on nonrenewable energy sources. The integration of PV systems and EV charging technologies is crucial as more people and businesses switch to EVs. This shift helps reduce carbon emissions and promotes sustainability. The chapter begins by discussing the background of PV and EV technologies and the importance of their integration. It then explores different types of PV systems for EV charging, including grid-tied and off-grid systems. It also covers PV system components such as panels, inverters, and charge controllers. The advantages of integrating PV systems into EV charging systems are highlighted, including reduced dependence on the grid, lower carbon footprint, and cost savings. The chapter then delves into the various EV charging technologies and the components of EV charging systems such as charging stations, cables, and communication protocols. Different charging standards such as Charge de Move, Combined Charging System, and Tesla Supercharger are also discussed. The state of the art of PV system integration into EV charging is presented through case studies of solar-powered EV charging stations and PV system-integrated EV charging stations. The chapter also highlights the challenges of integrating PV systems and EV charging, such as technical, economic, and policy and regulatory challenges. Finally, the chapter presents future prospects of PV system and EV charging integration, including technological advancements, market trends, and government policies. The conclusion summarizes the key points of the chapter, emphasizing the significance of PV system and EV charging integration and providing future directions for research and development in this area. Overall, the chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the integration of PV systems with EV charging and its potential impact on the future of sustainable transportation.