This chapter supports the UN SDGs by highlighting hydropower's role in providing sustainable, efficient, and versatile renewable energy (SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy), while also addressing environmental and social challenges (SDG 13: Climate Action; SDG 15: Life on Land; and SDG 1: No Poverty) associated with large hydropower projects.

This chapter supports the UN SDGs by promoting sustainable and efficient hydropower technologies that contribute to SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), SDG 13 (Climate Action), and SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) by advancing renewable energy solutions with minimal environmental impact.

This chapter offers scientific insights into how water moves, becomes contaminated, and affects human systems. It strengthens capacity for sustainable water governance through hydrologic understanding.

This chapter aligns with SDG 3 – Good Health and Well‑Being and SDG 5 – Gender Equality by demonstrating how gender‑informed communication strategies can improve clinician‑patient interactions, leading to better healthcare outcomes and more equitable, culturally aware treatment experiences for women and other gendered patient groups.

This chapter aligns with SDG 3 – Good Health and Well‑Being and SDG 5 – Gender Equality by showing how nutraceuticals can enhance the prevention, treatment, and recurrence management of gynecologic cancers, thereby improving women’s health outcomes and addressing conditions that uniquely affect women.

This chapter highlights how gender-specific nutritional needs across the female lifespan are essential for preventing deficiencies, improving health outcomes, and reducing chronic disease risk, directly supporting SDG 3: Good Health and Well‑Being and SDG 5: Gender Equality.

This chapter advances SDG 3 – Good Health and Well‑Being and SDG 9 – Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure by demonstrating how artificial intelligence and machine learning can dramatically improve early diagnosis of cervical cancer, particularly in low‑ and middle‑income countries where mortality rates are highest. It also supports SDG 5 – Gender Equality, as cervical cancer predominantly affects women and improved screening technologies directly contribute to better health outcomes, reduced mortality, and greater equity in women’s healthcare access.

This chapter aligns with SDG Goal 5: Gender Equality and Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being by emphasizing the importance of understanding sex and gender differences in Alzheimer’s disease risk, progression, and treatment, and highlighting the need for equitable research and interventions to improve health outcomes for women.

This chapter aligns with SDG goal 3 (good health and wellbeing) by advancing research and strategies for better breast cancer prevention and treatment in women, especially in high-risk groups to help improve health outcomes.

This chapter aligns with SDG goal 3 (good health and wellbeing) by fostering diverse perspectives within gastroenterology, which can lead to more comprehensive and inclusive healthcare approaches, and SDG goal 5 (gender equality) by promoting gender equality, leadership, and inclusivity in the field, encouraging increased representation and empowerment of women in gastroenterology.