Gender bias in machine translation (MT) has been studied for over a decade, a time marked by societal, linguistic, and technological shifts. With the early optimism for a quick solution in mind, we review over 100 studies on the topic and uncover a more complex reality—one that resists a simple technical fix. While we identify key trends and advancements, persistent gaps remain. We argue that there is no simple technical solution to bias.

Objective: Historically, the medical profession is a male-dominated field. Although the number of women entering surgical specialties is rising, this increase is not proportionate to the composition of medical school graduates, which are now 50% female. This study aimed to investigate the specialty and gender of practitioners performing common vascular procedures. Methods: Medical claims data was obtained from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.

Background: Earlier evidence indicated that metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) may adversely affect neonatal outcomes among patients conceiving soon after MBS, but recent studies demonstrated conflicting results, especially for new surgical techniques. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of MBS types and surgery to birth interval on maternal, birth, and nonbirth outcomes in women with severe obesity. Setting: New York State's all-payer hospital discharge database (2008-2019).

Social protection programs (SPPs) have been established to tackle challenges from economic downturns, conflicts, and the impacts of global warming, with women and children being particularly vulnerable during these times. Programs like Child Support Grants (CSG), the Old People's Grant (OPG), the National School Nutrition Programme (NSNP), Food Parcels, Food Fortification Programmes (FFP), and Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture (NSA) show promise in alleviating food insecurity and improving nutritional health.

Despite improvements in legislation and many countries adopting legal frameworks that advocate for women's rights, violence against women (VAW) continues to severely threaten women's lives. The agreed conclusions of the 68th session of the Commission on the Status of Women (CSW) emphasize the need for immediate state action to eliminate gender-based violence.

Do voter and party gender biases differently affect the likelihood that female and male candidates are nominated to and elected from equivalent list positions in national legislative elections? This paper examines the interaction between list position, gender quotas, and voter and party biases in shaping women's electoral success in Indonesia's 2024 legislative election. Using new data on nearly 10K candidates, while voter penalties against female candidates are important, our analysis finds that parties can effectively counteract these biases through strong list placement.

Pregnancy in women with kidney disease is high risk and associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Kidney disease in pregnancy continues to remain under-recognized and underdiagnosed, and disparities exist in access to kidney care for pregnancy patients. Health disparities with kidney disease and pregnancy are connected to differences in social, economic, cultural, and environmental factors; geographical location; and race/ethnicity. The review discusses health disparities in conditions related to kidney disease and pregnancy.

Sex refers to biological traits, while gender involves socially constructed roles and behaviors. Globally, women face disparities in access to kidney transplants, and outcomes, driven by sociocultural and systemic factors. Females have a higher prevalence of kidney disease, start dialysis at lower glomerular filtration rates, and receive lower dialysis doses than males. Fewer females are refered for kidney transplants than males, and females have lower rates of preemptive transplantation than males.

Purpose: To examine intragroup variability in both physical and mental health among women with intimate partners incarcerated in U.S. state prisons. Methods: Three waves of data from the Multi-site Family Study on Incarceration, Parenting and Partnering and within-between random effects regression modeling are used to analyze financial well-being, relationship stability, social and personal support, and physical and mental health.