Global

This article analyses over 1,200 legal and policy documents from 193 countries to assess global efforts toward educational equity, focusing on barriers related to income, disability, gender, and discrimination. It reveals significant gaps, including tuition fees before secondary school, lack of protections against sexual harassment and disability discrimination, and limited provisions for inclusive education.

RELX Environmental Challenge 2025: four shortlisted projects to bring safe water and sanitation to communities around the world

The RELX Environmental Challenge 2025 shortlist features four innovative projects that provide sustainable access to safe water and improved sanitation.  The RELX Environmental Challenge prioritises replicable, scalable, sustainable and innovative solutions. They must also have practical applicability and involve local communities and other key stakeholders.

This article focuses on whether handwriting and typing contribute differentially to lexical acquisition within the alphabetic system, providing distinct sensorimotor experiences for words through different motor actions and consequent attentional and time constraints in producing letters. We examined a sample of middle school students with reading and spelling disabilities alongside age-matched peers with typical development.

The article provides a comprehensive overview of the role of the endogenous detoxification system in the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). It highlights epidemiological evidence linking environmental toxicant exposure to the onset and progression of these diseases, and discusses how dysfunction of detoxification pathways, including enzymes and transporters, can exacerbate neurodegenerative processes. The article also explores the potential of targeting nuclear receptor signaling pathways, such as the pregnane X receptor (PXR), as a promising therapeutic strategy to restore detoxification capacity and modify disease trajectories.