Digital first during the COVID-19 pandemic: does ethnicity matter?

The UK's strategy to control COVID-19 has seen reliance on digital technologies, including electronic booking systems for testing and vaccination and a National Health Service COVID-19 app to support the National Health Service's Test and Trace programme. During the pandemic, the UK Government has invested heavily in digital technologies, with the design and implementation of the Test and Trace programme alone estimated to have a projected cost of £38 billion.1