In support of SDGs 3 and 5, this Lancet Commission report presents a comprehensive agenda for global, regional, and national progress on sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), up to 2030 and beyond. The report highlights why recognition of, and investment in, SRHR is pivotal to shaping future economic development and environmental sustainability, and proposes an essential package of SRHR services that should be universally available to all individuals who need them.