South America

The intermittency of the food deserts positions Chile as halfway between the Global South and North models. The particularity of this model is that intermittently and regularly provides a healthy food environment within food deserts. Additionally, it has the potential to be planned for overcoming structural inequalities in spatial fresh food access. With a focus on Concepcion, Chile, this article analyses the importance of the spatiotemporal dimension in food access studies where a healthy diet depends on systems other than supermarkets characterized by intermittent operation over a week.

This chapter supports UN Sustainable Development Goals 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), 13 (Climate Action), 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), and 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) by promoting clean and renewable energy solutions, mitigating climate change, fostering technological advancements, and contributing to sustainable urban and rural development.

This study supports Sustainable Development Goals 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and 13 (Climate Action) by examining the role of renewable energy sectors, specifically solar photovoltaic and wind energy, in Europe's path toward climate neutrality by 2050. By analyzing innovation and R&D efficiency across EU countries, the study emphasizes how enhanced efficiency in renewable energy technologies can drive climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts. The findings provide valuable insights for future policies aimed at fostering sustainable energy transition and reducing Europe's carbon footprint.

In this study, we investigate the motherhood penalty in Brazil by tracking mothers in administrative databases from the years before to after the birth of the child. In particular, we analyze the wage trajectories using econometric models to estimate the counterfactuals if these women had not been mothers. In doing so, we have to take into account a Brazilian peculiarity: there is a government policy that allows mothers to opt for self-employment in order to spend more time with their children. After adapting our modeling to this specificity, the estimated wage losses of mothers are around 25% and 10% when the children are of infant and school age, respectively. The message in terms of social impact is that it is necessary to help mothers to return to the labor market after childbirth under the same conditions and with the same opportunities for professional development as before pregnancy. We believe that this support can be provided, for example, through better childcare policies in society.