Gender equality and women's empowerment play a vital role in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) outlined by the United Nations. Acknowledging the significance of SDG 5, which explicitly targets gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls, it's worth noting that these elements are fundamentally tied to all 17 goals. Each goal, whether it pertains to poverty eradication, quality education, or climate action, is directly or indirectly affected by gender dynamics. Gender inequality inhibits economic growth (SDG 8) by depriving economies of the full potential of half its population, thereby exacerbating poverty (SDG 1) and hunger (SDG 2). Additionally, gender-based discrimination can limit access to quality education (SDG 4) and decent work (SDG 8) for women and girls, further perpetuating inequality. In health matters, gender roles and stereotypes often result in disparities in healthcare access and outcomes (SDG 3). With respect to environmental sustainability (SDGs 13, 14, and 15), women, particularly those in rural areas, bear the brunt of climate change impacts, but they also hold unique knowledge and skills crucial for mitigation and adaptation strategies. Likewise, women's underrepresentation in decision-making roles limits their influence on peace and justice (SDG 16) and partnerships for goals (SDG 17). Thus, achieving gender equality isn't only about justice for women and girls, but also about progress on every SDG. Women's empowerment creates a multiplier effect that boosts economic growth and promotes sustainable development, thereby setting a direct path towards achieving the SDGs. Encouragingly, concerted efforts worldwide are recognizing and amplifying women's roles in society, placing gender equality and women's empowerment at the heart of the SDGs. Such advancements signify a positive stride towards a balanced and equitable world.
This chapter advances SDG 3 – Good Health and Well‑Being by demonstrating how fuzzy machine learning techniques can support more accurate and systematic decision‑making in selecting effective treatments for early‑stage endometrial cancer, ultimately improving patient outcomes. It also supports SDG 9 – Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, as it showcases the application of advanced AI‑based multicriteria decision‑making methods within healthcare, promoting innovation in medical diagnostics and therapeutic planning.
This chapter advances SDG 3 – Good Health and Well‑Being and SDG 9 – Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure by demonstrating how artificial intelligence and machine learning can dramatically improve early diagnosis of cervical cancer, particularly in low‑ and middle‑income countries where mortality rates are highest. It also supports SDG 5 – Gender Equality, as cervical cancer predominantly affects women and improved screening technologies directly contribute to better health outcomes, reduced mortality, and greater equity in women’s healthcare access.
World Health Day is a global health awareness day celebrated every year on 7 April. This year’s theme "'My health, my right’ was chosen to champion the right of everyone, everywhere to have access to quality health services, education, and information, as well as safe drinking water, clean air, good nutrition, quality housing, decent working and environmental conditions, and freedom from discrimination.
