South America

Diseases of the Nervous System (Second Edition), 2021, Pages 81-107

This book chapter advances SDG #3 and #10 by introducing the basic foundation of aging, dementia and Alzheimer Disease, including clinical presentation, diagnosis and epidemiology.

Samuel Lunardi, William Fernando de Borba, Jean Favaretto, Marcelle Martins, Henrique Baldi Faccenda

 

This paper discusses the groundwater contamination and its susceptibility in Serra Geral Aquifer, in Brazil.
Greenhouse gas emissions are directly associated with climate change issues. Part of the emissions originates from the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and oil used as an energy source for the performance of agricultural machinery's internal combustion engines. However, discussions relevant to the topic are under development in Brazil, and there is a lack of research in the academic field on the intellectual property of agricultural technologies.

Proximity and size of the nearest market (‘market gravity’) have been shown to have strong negative effects on coral reef fish communities that can be mitigated by the establishment of closed areas. However, moray eels are functionally unique predators that are generally not subject to targeted fishing and should therefore not directly be affected by these factors. We used baited remote underwater video systems to investigate associations between morays and anthropogenic, habitat, and ecological factors in the Caribbean region.

Mangrove-dominated estuaries host a diverse microbial assemblage that facilitates nutrient and carbon conversions and could play a vital role in maintaining ecosystem health. In this study, we used 16S rRNA gene analysis, metabolic inference, nutrient concentrations, and δ13C and δ15N isotopes to evaluate the impact of land use change on near-shore biogeochemical cycles and microbial community structures within mangrove-dominated estuaries.

The crisis provoked by COVID-19 has rapidly and profoundly affected Latin America. The impacts are seen not only in infection and mortality rates, but also in the economic decline and increased inequality that plague the region, problems which have been exacerbated as a result of the pandemic.
Background: Hippocampus segmentation on magnetic resonance imaging is of key importance for the diagnosis, treatment decision and investigation of neuropsychiatric disorders. Automatic segmentation is an active research field, with many recent models using deep learning. Most current state-of-the art hippocampus segmentation methods train their methods on healthy or Alzheimer's disease patients from public datasets. This raises the question whether these methods are capable of recognizing the hippocampus on a different domain, that of epilepsy patients with hippocampus resection.
This book chapter advances SDG #3 and #10 by providing therapeutic strategies that can be employed in clinical trials for AD in DS will be discussed as well as their underlying scientific rationale.
This book chapter advances SDG #3 and #10 by providing a brief history of PET imaging and the radiotracers that have had a significant impact for measuring the three signature AD-related neuropathologies related to AD and provides an overview of the research utilizing PET imaging in the DS population
This book chapter advances SDG #3 and #10 by discussing the advantages of performing genetic studies in people with DS, and then discussing the role of reported genes that are known to be associated with AD risk in adults with DS or in the general population. It also discusses how future longitudinal multiomic and imaging study can enhance our understanding of the biology of AD.

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